Lakshita Bhatt, Kes Shri Jayantilal H. Patel Law College, University of Mumbai
ABSTRACT
White-collar crime, a term innovatively introduced by Edwin H. Sutherland1 in 1939, denotes a non-violent, financially motivated offense perpetuated by individuals in positions of trust. This category, which includes deception, fraud, and breaches of fiduciary duty, has evolved significantly over the decades, particularly in the context of India’s rapid economic growth. The pernicious impact of white-collar crime on both economic infrastructure and societal trust necessitates a nuanced and comprehensive examination of its development and ramifications in India.
This essay examines the emergence and evolution of white-collar crime in India, offering a comprehensive analysis of its causes, impacts, and challenges law enforcement agencies face. The discussion begins with a detailed definition of white-collar crime and its historical development, contextualizing its significance in the socioeconomic landscape. The analysis then critically evaluates certain case studies to illustrate the underlying socioeconomic factors that promote such crimes. In the concluding sections, the essay critiques the current legal framework, proposing targeted reforms based on global practices to counter the escalating threat of white-collar crime in India.
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