Sanjana Srivastava, Amity Law School, Noida
Abstract
Sustainable development is today's most pressing global problem, arising from a primal survival instinct. The three-Rs strategies (Reduce, Reuse, and Recycle) are the first and most essential. In terms of energy use, urban areas contribute since they are made up of many individual buildings where people work and collaborate in – even with – waste production. This is where architecture and urban design would have to provide strategies to individuals to be capable of living environmentally sustainable. Environmental degradation has a variety of negative impacts, including loss of biodiversity and habitats, health hazards, increasing sea levels due to rapid melting of glaciers and ice caps, excessive water stress, and declining agricultural productivity. Such problems are prompting many economies and cities around the world to concentrate on reducing greenhouse gas emissions in order to reduce the effects of climate change. Cities are responsible for the majority of global greenhouse gas emissions and energy use. Urbanization is expected to continue to rise in the near future, as cities are the engines of economic development in most countries. By 2050, it is anticipated that 70% of the world's population will live in cities.1Cities, especially in emerging economies, are expected to have populations of 4 billion by 2030, as they offer more opportunities for education and work2. As a result, the demand for infrastructure and services in cities will skyrocket. To accommodate this expansion, cities must be creative in their resource management. As a result, in terms of environmental efficiency and resource distribution, sustainable urbanization has become a major concern for societies. This article will focus on the concepts of sustainable cities, smart cities, sustainability and also the initiatives of such subsisting cities. Further it will also analyze the main components of success and failure of these cities.
Keywords: smart cities, sustainable cities, sustainable development, sustainability.
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