Ajitesh Singh, University School of Law and Legal Studies, Guru Gobind Singh Indraprastha University, Delhi
ABSTRACT
The persistent drug crisis in Manipur presents a multifaceted challenge shaped by the region's socio-economic, political, and criminological realities. Situated near the infamous Golden Triangle, Manipur faces significant vulnerabilities to drug trafficking, substance abuse, and their associated consequences. This paper explores the underlying factors driving the drug epidemic in the state, such as unemployment, poverty, and political instability, and evaluates the application of criminological theories— including Strain Theory, Social Disorganization Theory, Routine Activities Theory, Differential Association Theory, and Labelling Theory—in understanding these dynamics. Each theory provides a lens to analyze how socio-economic strain, weakened institutions, opportunities for criminal behavior, learned deviant behaviors, and societal stigmatization perpetuate the cycle of drug-related offenses.
The analysis delves into the interplay between transnational drug trade networks, local socio-political conditions, and individual behaviors, underscoring the need for multi-stakeholder approaches to address this complex crisis. By connecting theoretical perspectives with practical realities, the study advocates for community-driven interventions, policy reforms, and targeted rehabilitation programs to dismantle the structural and cultural drivers of the drug problem in Manipur. Through this holistic understanding, the paper aims to contribute to the discourse on effective counter-narcotics strategies and sustainable social development.
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