Reservation In Promotion: Analysing The Effectiveness Of 77th And 85th Amendment As A Tool For Promoting Social And Economic Equality In India

Riddhi Gupta, Christ (Deemed to be University)

ABSTRACT

This research paper delves into Reservation in promotions as a pivotal and contentious policy tool in India, aimed at addressing historical injustices and promoting social and economic equality, particularly for Scheduled Castes (SCs) and Scheduled Tribes (STs). The 77th and 85th Amendments to the Indian Constitution have significantly shaped the implementation of these reservations, with a focus on enhancing diversity, inclusivity, and socio-economic upliftment. This research paper explores the multifaceted aspects of reservation in promotions, encompassing its rationale, constitution validity, challenges, and opportunities. The rationale for reservation in promotions lies in the historical oppression and discrimination endured by SCs and STs, deeply ingrained within India's caste system. By reserving promotions for these communities, the policy seeks to redress the disparities in education, income, and social status and break the cycle of discrimination perpetuated over generations. The effectiveness of these reservations remains a subject of ongoing debate, with proponents highlighting their role in increasing representation and socio-economic upliftment. However, critics raise concerns about potential inefficiencies and the compromise of merit-based selection. Striking a balance between affirmative action and meritocracy is essential to ensure the policy's success in promoting social and economic equality without undermining governance quality. The 77th and 85th Amendments to the Indian Constitution have been instrumental in addressing concerns related to reservation in promotions. These amendments have resulted in increased representation, fostering diversity, and socio- economic upliftment for marginalized communities. Yet, legal challenges and implementation concerns persist, emphasizing the need for continued evaluation and adaptation of these policies to fulfill their intended objectives. The paper also suggests ways to enhance the effectiveness of reservation in promotions, including the incorporation of merit-based selection criteria, regular policy reviews, transparency, and capacity-building support.