Predictive Policing And Electronic Surveillance: A Comparative Analysis Of USA And India

Bikram Singh Goraya, Research Scholar, Department of Laws, Panjab University, Chandigarh.

ABSTRACT

The growing tide of technological evolution of technology has impacted almost all aspects of human sustenance. Apart from economic growth, technology has significantly impacted society. An important dimension of society i.e. law and order has been significantly altered by the rise of technology. One of the aspect that has been categorically transformed is the nature of smart policing through predictive policing and electronic surveillance has gained traction. Predictive policing is the use of electronic or digital tools such as Artificial Intelligence to predict future potential criminal crimes and criminals and identify potential victims. Whereas in the other hand electronic surveillance is the electronic or digital tools such as CCTVs, Facial Recognition Technologies etc. to keep an active vigil for law and order. This research paper analyses the two pronounced democracies of the world i.e. USA and India and their development and stance on predictive policing and electronic surveillance. The paper further examines the origin, development and practical application of tools used for predictive policing and electronic surveillance. Furthermore, this paper puts forth the legislative machinery in USA and India for predictive policing and electronic surveillance and compares them to analyse and examine the similarities and dissimilarities in both the countries and identifies the lacunae and void that both the countries struggle to overcome.

Keywords: Surveillance, Privacy, Data