Intersectionality Theory In The Indian Context

Meghna Singh, Meerut College, Meerut of Chaudhary Charan Singh University, Meerut

ABSTRACT

This paper explores the application and relevance of intersectionality theory in the Indian context, a framework that originated in Western feminist discourse to examine the overlapping systems of oppression and privilege based on race, gender, class, and other social identities. In India, the unique socio-political landscape, marked by caste, religion, ethnicity, gender, and economic inequality, presents a complex interplay of power dynamics that are crucial to understanding marginalization. By integrating caste-based discrimination, religious identity, and socio-economic stratification, this study argues for the importance of contextualizing intersectionality to India's pluralistic society.

Using case studies from gender-based violence, labour exploitation, and political representation, the paper highlights how the intersections of caste and gender, religion and class, and urban-rural divides create layered experiences of oppression, particularly for Dalit women, religious minorities, and marginalized communities. It also critiques the limitations of intersectionality when applied uncritically to the Indian context without addressing its historical and cultural specificity. This paper advocates for a more nuanced, localized application of intersectionality theory to better capture the distinct socio-political realities of India, thereby contributing to a deeper understanding of social justice movements and policy frameworks aimed at addressing systemic inequality in the country.