Rishu Mala, Research Scholar, Department of Laws, Himachal Pradesh University, Shimla, India
ABSTRACT
Rapid urbanization and commercial activities have resulted in exponential population growth in the cities. Thus, a load is on the industries and factories to fulfill all the needs of the high-density population. This economic development in the cities is resulting in heavy and unmanaged waste discharge from these industries. Factories-generated pollution is currently the biggest issues with the water pollution problems in India. Constitutionally, water is designed as a ‘State’ subject, subject to the intervention of the Central Government. Thus, the Government of India has proposed several effluent discharge control measures for industrial pollution abatement. Though these strategies are beneficial per se, there is a need to evaluate also the impact of alternative strategies on the water quality before rigorously implementing them. The concentration of major heavy metals in the water is contributing to water pollution. To combat water pollution water law nowadays becoming the central area of concern for everyone as it is the basic need of society. There exist several international treaties, multiple non- binding instruments that are directly or indirectly concerned with water conservation and controlling water pollution. Thus, the present article is an in-depth analysis of specific instance of industrial dumping, its impact on water pollution and potential regulatory frameworks to mitigate such pollution specifically in Himachal Pradesh. Furthermore, article seeks to highlight the structure of water laws in India, the multiplicity of legal instruments and the remedies available. Ultimately the round of arguments is advanced to consider water as a fundamental right under the Constitution of India.
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