Ensuring Justice Behind Bars: A Comprehensive Study On The Rights Of Prisoners In India

Pavanshankar B S, BBA LLB, Christ (Deemed to be University), Lavasa, Pune

ABSTRACT

This Paper delves into the rights of prisoners in India, focusing on constitutional provisions, international human rights norms which contradicts the realities of prison conditions. The Constitution of India guarantees fundamental rights to all citizens, including prisoners, guarantying the right to life, protection from inhumane treatment, and a fair trial. India’s obligations under international frameworks like the Universal Declaration of Human Rights (UDHR), the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights (ICCPR), and the Nelson Mandela Rules underscore the global standards expected in prison management and prisoner care. Despite these frameworks being in the existence, the Indian prisons are now facing significant challenges which includes overcrowding, inadequate healthcare, and instances of abuse, highlighting the gap between legal rights and their implementation. This research critically examines these challenges and the legal mechanisms in place to protect prisoner rights, offering views into how India’s treatment of prisoners reflects its commitment to democratic values, human dignity, and international human rights standard.