Kayalvizhi. T, B.A., LLB (Hons), Vellore Institute of Technology (Chennai)
ABSTRACT:
In the intricate tapestry of India's social landscape, the empowerment of Dalit communities stands as a pivotal quest for justice and equality. This research delves into the transformative journey of criminal justice reforms and their profound impact on Dalit lives, viewed through the prism of human rights principles. Drawing inspiration from the Universal Declaration of Human Rights (UDHR), which champions the inherent dignity and rights of all individuals, this study navigates the historical contours of Dalit struggle within a caste-driven societal hierarchy. Against this backdrop, visionary leaders like Mahatma Jotiba Phule and B.R. Ambedkar spearheaded movements that envisioned sweeping social transformation and egalitarian ideals. Ambedkar's profound assertion of measuring community progress by the advancement of women echoes the imperative of gender equality within Dalit aspirations for societal change. Central to this exploration is an analysis of the legislative milestones that shaped Dalit empowerment, notably the enactment of The Prevention of Atrocities Act in 1989, aimed at combatting caste-based discrimination and violence. Despite these legal safeguards, Dalit communities continue to grapple with systemic barriers, including underreporting of crimes and biases entrenched within the legal system. Through a theoretical framework grounded in human rights principles, this study evaluates the accessibility and efficacy of legal representation for Dalits and investigates the unique challenges faced within the court of law, where intersectional discrimination often compounds injustices. Moreover, the study sheds light on the pervasive issue of caste-based sexual violence against Dalit women and girls, underscoring the urgent need for comprehensive legal reforms and robust social awareness campaigns to dismantle entrenched prejudices. This research underscores the pressing need for sustained advocacy efforts, policy interventions, and inclusive legal frameworks to eradicate caste-based discrimination, promote human rights, and advance the empowerment of Dalit communities within India's criminal justice system. By unravelling these complexities and amplifying voices for change, this study contributes to ongoing dialogues on social justice, equality, and human rights, envisioning a more inclusive and equitable society where justice is a tangible reality for all, irrespective of caste or social background.
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