Ishaan Deepak Joshi, MIT-WPU Faculty of Law
ABSTRACT
A social explanation to crime and criminality was first provided by the French criminologist Gabriel Tarde (1843 – 1904). According to Gabriel Tarde, the primary component that lays the seed of criminality in an individual lies in the process of learning in a person’s early life. Criminal Behavior is an acquired quality according to Tarde, similar to any vocation, trade or profession, the patterns for which are picked up in a person’s childhood. When it comes to the field of crime, the theories coming from a sociological perspective make the assertion that there exist persons in society that do not conform to the set of rules and norms of society and social conduct. It is stated that the true reasons for deviant behavior and delinquency can be found in the fact that the concerned individuals have either experienced and seen firsthand, their parents or other family members committing acts such as stealing, Domestic Violence, etc. or have been experiencing encouragement to engage in criminal and socially deviant activity, anti-social acts by way of peer pressure by seniors, friends, etc. The aim of this research article is to explore the conditions that cause criminal deviance and disorganization and the role social institutions play in their occurrence.
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