Shubham Chaturvedi, B.B.A. LL.B. (Hons.) at Amity University
ABSTRACT
A society in which there is no crime. A state which ensures that no matter how hard the criminal tries, he cannot escape from the eyes of the law but the reality is far away from this imagination. In today's era, after committing a crime, the criminal finds all the ways through which he can throw dust in the eyes of the law and avoid getting punished for the crimes. During the investigation the habitual offender has a knowledge what to speak and what to hide and has evolved some techniques which helps in deceiving the investigator. The conventional methods of investigating and interrogating criminals cannot always bring about a successful solution.1 In ancient time the accused were compelled to eat rice in china and theory which believe that when someone is afraid the production of saliva in his mouth gets stopped and those were the days when the conviction of accused was solely based on the amount of saliva produced in his mouth. But time has changed - The growth of science and technology is happening at lightning speed and the legal system has to cope-up with the growing technology. The criminal justice system cannot be said to have unused the fruits of science and technology and therefore In early 20th century some techniques commonly known as DDT ( Deception - Detection - Techniques ) were evolved in order to detect the person’s attempt to deceive the truth through conducting tests like Polygraphy, Narco analysis test and Brain mapping. There are many debates about limitations, reliability of these tests. The paper attempts to analyse the accuracy and the grounds on which such tests are said to be a voilative of right to privacy which is a part of right to life and therefore It also analyse the constitutional validity of Narco –Analysis test from the scope of article 20(3) of the constitution of India which is the supreme law of the land.Thereafter the stand of Apex court of India and the take of National human rights commission on Polygraphy, Narco-analysis and Brain mapping. The paper shall also delve to identify the ways through which these tests can become much more meaning full, effective and efficient in future.
Keywords: Polygraphy, Narco analysis test, Brain mapping, Lie Detector Test, Article 20(3)
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