Capital Punishment: A Historical Analysis Of Its Origins And Evolution
- IJLLR Journal
- 3 days ago
- 2 min read
Simran Dash, Kalinga University, Raipur
I. Introduction
A. Background of Capital Punishment
Capital punishment, commonly referred to as the death penalty, is the state-sanctioned execution of an individual as punishment for a crime, often a serious offense such as murder, treason, or terrorism. Across various societies and epochs, its use has served multiple purposes, including retribution, deterrence, and societal protection (Smith 2017). In ancient civilizations, it was used as a public spectacle to demonstrate the power of the state and to enforce societal norms (Jones 2019). The global perspective on capital punishment has shifted significantly over time. While some nations have abolished it, others continue to enforce it, often leading to debates regarding its morality, effectiveness, and human rights implications (Morris 2021). Globally, the trend has been toward abolition, with over 100 countries having completely abolished the death penalty by the 21st century (UNDP 2020).
B. Scope and Importance of the Study
This study explores the origins and evolution of capital punishment, offering a comprehensive understanding of how its role in criminal justice has changed. Understanding the history of the death penalty is vital, as it provides insights into cultural, religious, and legal transformations within societies. The study’s significance lies in shedding light on the continuing debates surrounding capital punishment, examining its legal, social, and ethical dimensions (Anderson 2018). By exploring its historical roots, we can better understand current discussions about its use and the morality of executing individuals.
C. Research Objectives
The primary objective of this research is to analyze the historical development of capital punishment, examining how it has evolved across different societies and legal systems. Additionally, the research aims to critically evaluate the changing role of the death penalty in modern legal contexts and the ethical debates that continue to surround its practice (Williams 2022). The study will address the following key objectives:
