Abhishek Mishra, Galgotias University, Uttar Pradesh
"Without statistics, there can be no moral statistics; without the collation of facts, there can be no opinion; without the knowledge of opinion, no legislative measures can be adopted."
- Jeremy Bentham
ABSTRACT
In-depth analysis of Jeremy Bentham's idea of "moral statistics" and its deep significance in the field of factual social reform is presented in this research study. Bentham, a well-known philosopher and key proponent of utilitarian theory in the 18th and 19th centuries, promoted the gathering and analysis of statistical data as a vital instrument for determining policy and addressing urgent societal challenges. Bentham was convinced that quantitative evidence might inform policies and practices aimed at maximizing happiness and well-being for the largest number of people and offered objective insights into the status of society. By looking into its fundamental ideas and historical context, this paper addresses Bentham's idea of "moral statistics," offering insight on how it inspired his contemporaries and succeeding generations of social reformers. It analyses the applications of’ moral statistics' in Bentham's day, particularly in the areas of alleviating poverty, deterring crime, reshaping the educational system, and promoting public health efforts. The report also assesses the advantages, disadvantages, and restrictions of using "moral statistics" as a catalyst for social change. This research examines the modern relevance and applicability of Bentham's notion in addition to examining its historical roots. It provides illustrations of how quantitative evidence has influenced policy choices and led to significant societal change. The report also critically explores potential objections, such as biases in data gathering and statistical procedures, and addresses ethical issues related to an overreliance on quantitative evidence alone.
This paper provides beneficial insights into the philosophical foundations and practical implications of using quantitative evidence to address urgent societal concerns by examining Bentham's concept of "moral statistics" within the context of evidence-based reform in society. In the conclusion, it emphasises the concepts of Jeremy Bentham's continuing importance and their capacity to guide evidence-based decision making in modern society.
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